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In 1948, on the initiative of Chilean President Gabriel González Videla, the Chilean National Congress enacted the Permanent Defense of Democracy Law ((スペイン語:Ley de Defensa Permanente de la Democracia, Ley N° 8.987)), referred to by many as the Damned Law (''Ley Maldita''), which outlawed the Communist Party of Chile and banned 26,650〔Adam Feinstein, ''Pablo Neruda: A Passion for Life'' (url )〕 persons from the electoral lists. The law banned the expression of ideas which appeared to advocate "the implantation in the republic of a regime opposed to democracy or which attack the sovereignty of the country."〔Human Rights Watch, (Limits of Tolerance: Freedom of Expression and the Public Debate in Chile ) on 1 November 1998, 1-56432-192-4, retrieved 29 June 2011〕 The detention center in Pisagua, used during Carlos Ibáñez del Campo's dictatorship in the late 1920s (and which would be used again during Pinochet's dictatorship), was re-opened to imprison communists, anarchists and revolutionaries, although on this occasion no detainees were executed. Prominent communists such as the senator Pablo Neruda fled into exile. González Videla also broke relations with the Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact states. A pro-communist miners' strike in Lota was brutally suppressed. Demonstrations against the legislation led to the declaration of martial law and were successfully repressed. The law was replaced by Law n.º 12.927, about State Security Law (Seguridad del Estado), on 6. August 1958〔http://www.leychile.cl/Navegar?idNorma=178249&idVersion=1958-08-06〕 which ended the proscription of the Communist Party and restored penalties for crimes against state security and public order to levels comparable with those that existed prior to 1948. ==See also== * Communist Party of Chile * McCarthyism 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Law of Permanent Defense of Democracy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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